RNZ National. 2016-04-27. 00:00-23:59.

A 24-hour recording of RNZ National. The following rundown is sourced from the broadcaster’s website. Note some overseas/copyright restricted items may not appear in the supplied rundown:

27 April 2016

===12:04 AM. | All Night Programme===
=DESCRIPTION=

Including: 12:06 Music after Midnight; 12:30 Insight (RNZ); 1:15 Country Life (RNZ); 2:05 The Forum (BBC); 3:05 The Godley Letters read by Ginette McDonald and Sam Neill (6 of 10, RNZ); 3:30 Diversions (RNZ); 5:10 Witness (BBC)

===6:00 AM. | Morning Report===
=DESCRIPTION=

RNZ's three-hour breakfast news show with news and interviews, bulletins on the hour and half-hour, including: 6:16 and 6:50 Business News 6:18 Pacific News 6:26 Rural News 6:48 and 7:45 NZ Newspapers

=AUDIO=

06:00
Top Stories for Wednesday 27 April 2016
BODY:
KiwiRail reveals the drastic proposals it made two years ago to cut the amount of Government investment it needed. British police admit they got it badly wrong when ninety six football fans were killed at Hillsborough in 1989 and guards at two Australian detention centres are accused of beating up New Zealand detainees.
Topics:
Regions:
Tags:
Duration: 31'02"

06:06
Sports News for 27 April 2016
BODY:
An update from the team at RNZ Sport.
Topics: sport
Regions:
Tags:
Duration: 1'41"

06:09
Hillsborough inquest finds football fans were unlawfully killed
BODY:
Almost three decades on, a jury has found ninety six football fans were unlawfully killed at Sheffield's Hillsborough Stadium in 1989.
Topics:
Regions:
Tags: UK, Hillsborough
Duration: 5'22"

06:14
Australia refuses to ackowledge its detention centre is illegal
BODY:
The Australian government says it won't send Manus Island detainees back to Australia, despite a a ruling yesterday from Papua New Guinea's highest court that the detention of asylum seekers on Manus is illegal.
Topics:
Regions:
Tags: Australia, Manus Island
Duration: 2'58"

06:17
NZ detainee says he was beaten for arranging hikoi visit
BODY:
A New Zealander being held in an Australian detention centre says he was beaten badly by guards after he tried to arrange meetings with a protest hikoi that was visiting detainees.
Topics:
Regions:
Tags: Australia, Detainees
Duration: 2'13"

06:20
Early Business News for 27 April 2016
BODY:
A brief update of movements in the financial sector.
Topics: business, economy
Regions:
Tags: markets
Duration: 2'35"

06:26
Morning Rural News for 27 April 2016
BODY:
News from the rural and farming sector.
Topics: rural, farming
Regions:
Tags:
Duration: 4'06"

06:37
Kiwirail looked at options including ditching freight services
BODY:
A report made public today reveals two years ago, Kiwirail told the Government the only way it could keep up with investment requirements and make a profit would be to shut much of itself down.
Topics: politics
Regions:
Tags: Kiwirail
Duration: 2'48"

06:40
Big day of voting in US after Cruz-Kasich alliance
BODY:
The race to contest the US presidency is entering the crucial final stages with a round of voting today in five states
Topics:
Regions:
Tags: US, Trump
Duration: 3'03"

06:43
New centre for New Zealand business opens in China
BODY:
The focus on trade opportunities during Prime Minister John Key's visit to China last week took his entourage to Xi'an where one New Zealand company is offering its services to others looking to enter the market.
Topics:
Regions:
Tags: China, trade
Duration: 2'44"

06:51
KiwiRail review looked at possible closure
BODY:
KiwiRail raised the prospect that the national rail network should be shut down apart from those operations the private sector might want to do and the suburban rail networks in Auckland and Wellington.
Topics: business, economy
Regions:
Tags: Kiwirail
Duration: 2'06"

06:53
Wellington biotech firm to list on ASX
BODY:
A Wellington based medical software company has opted to go to the Australian stock exchange to raise finance and list.
Topics: business
Regions:
Tags: Volpara Health Technologies
Duration: 1'50"

06:54
Low interest rates make KiwiSaver more attractive to seniors
BODY:
A bank survey has found an increasing number of people are planning to leave their money in their KiwiSaver after they turn 65.
Topics: business
Regions:
Tags: KiwiSaver
Duration: 1'47"

06:56
Small retailers pushed out of Auckland's CBD as demand rises
BODY:
A commercial property management company says lower-end retailers are being pushed out of Auckland's central business district by a surge in demand from national and international retail chains.
Topics: business
Regions:
Tags: commercial property, shops
Duration: 1'52"

06:58
Business briefs
BODY:
The dairy cooperative, Fonterra, is offering some fresh services on its Global Dairy Trade platform, with a new name for the twice monthly global auction.
Topics: business
Regions:
Tags:
Duration: 23"

06:58
Morning markets for 27 April 2016
BODY:
Wall Street weaker -- investors in wait and see mode as they wait to hear what the Federal Reserve decides on interest rates.
Topics: business, economy
Regions:
Tags: markets
Duration: 57"

07:06
Sports News for 27 April 2016
BODY:
An update from the team at RNZ Sport.
Topics: sport
Regions:
Tags:
Duration: 1'01"

07:09
Kiwirail suggested largely shutting itself down
BODY:
Kiwirail's fall from transport powerhouse to commercial cot case is laid bare in a startling report made public today.
Topics: politics
Regions:
Tags: Kiwirail
Duration: 2'39"

07:11
Will the Govt help keep KiwiRail on track?
BODY:
The Minister for State Owned Enterprises, Todd McClay, has been listening to that.
Topics: politics
Regions:
Tags: Kiwirail
Duration: 7'09"

07:18
Liverpool mourns after fans "unlawfully" killed in 1989
BODY:
Police have admitted they got it "catastrophically wrong" when ninety six football fans were killed at Sheffield's Hillsborough Stadium in 1989.
Topics:
Regions:
Tags: UK, Hillsborough
Duration: 5'28"

07:24
New reports of NZ detainees being beated by Australian guards
BODY:
Guards in two Australian immigration centres are being accused of beating up detained New Zealanders.
Topics:
Regions:
Tags: Detainees, Australia
Duration: 3'03"

07:27
Aust refusing to budge over Manus Island
BODY:
The Australian government's ruling out sending Manus Island detainees to Australia.
Topics:
Regions:
Tags: Australia, Detainees, Manus Island
Duration: 3'15"

07:34
Thousands of patients missing out on operations
BODY:
More than 7 thousand patients missed out on getting operations in three months last year despite their doctors referring them to a specialist.
Topics: health
Regions:
Tags: operations
Duration: 4'36"

07:39
Health Minister responds to concerns over waiting lists
BODY:
The Minister of Health, Jonathan Coleman, has been listening to that.
Topics: health
Regions:
Tags: operations
Duration: 4'13"

07:46
Auckland Council contender
BODY:
One of the first big policy shots has been fired in Auckland's local body election campaign with a centre-right grouping promising to halve rate rises, and cut spending by half a billion dollars.
Topics: politics
Regions: Auckland Region
Tags: elections
Duration: 4'02"

07:50
Hopes rise in north with manuka project
BODY:
Eleven young Kaikohe men who've never had a full-time job have started work this week on a project aimed at lifting their families - and eventually their town - out of poverty.
Topics: education
Regions: Northland
Tags: Project Manuka
Duration: 4'07"

07:54
Major South African sports codes banned
BODY:
A ban on the four major sports in South Africa hosting tournaments until they create more opportunities for black players has largely been welcomed.
Topics: sport
Regions:
Tags: South Africa
Duration: 2'49"

07:57
Olympics: 100 days to Rio 2016
BODY:
The countdown is on - there's now only 100 days until the Rio Olympics.
Topics: sport
Regions:
Tags: Olympics
Duration: 2'36"

08:07
Sports News for 27 April 2016
BODY:
An update from the team at RNZ Sport.
Topics: sport
Regions:
Tags:
Duration: 2'05"

08:10
Lack of govt support could see KiwiRail derail.
BODY:
The State Owned Enterprises Minister Todd McLay says the Government is looking at alternative funding options to take the financial load off struggling KiwiRail.
Topics: politics
Regions:
Tags: Kiwirail
Duration: 6'04"

08:17
"Justice Comes Next" - doctor welcomes jury verdict
BODY:
The truth is out, justice comes nex - that's the view of one of the people caught up in the Hillsborough tragedy in 1989.
Topics:
Regions:
Tags: UK, Hillsborough
Duration: 6'42"

08:23
Govt health stats confirm pressure on waiting lists
BODY:
The Health Minister, Dr Jonathon Coleman, is defending the number of patients being seen and treated by specialists.
Topics: health
Regions:
Tags: operations
Duration: 5'07"

08:28
NZ told to act immediately to reduce climate chance threats
BODY:
Climate change experts remain optimistic that New Zealand has time to convert to a low-carbon economy by 2025.
Topics: climate
Regions:
Tags: climate change
Duration: 3'46"

08:33
Markets Update for 27 April 2016
BODY:
A brief update of movements in the financial sector.
Topics: business, economy
Regions:
Tags: markets
Duration: 47"

08:37
More and more South Auckland homes sold to investors
BODY:
Investors are increasingly snapping up homes and driving up prices in what were previously affordable South Auckland suburbs.
Topics: housing
Regions: Auckland Region
Tags: House sales
Duration: 4'16"

08:42
Aust refusing to budge over Manus Island
BODY:
The Australian government says it will not alter its detention policies, despite its centre on Manus Island being ruled illegal yesterday.
Topics:
Regions:
Tags: Australia, Detainees, Manus Island
Duration: 4'05"

08:46
Consumers Institute wants beefed up consumer protection laws
BODY:
A consumers lobby group says a code to promote responsible lending is useful, but it's not enough to stop dodgy lenders targeting vulnerable households.
Topics: law, politics
Regions:
Tags: consumer protection laws
Duration: 3'08"

08:50
Zombie town now a digital leader
BODY:
Once labelled a Zombie town Whanganui now finds itself shortlisted as the world's smartest community for its leadership in embracing the digital economy.
Topics: technology
Regions: Manawatu
Tags: Whanganui
Duration: 3'48"

08:54
New research shows flu jab is more effective in morning
BODY:
Winter is fast approaching and so is the flu season. That means it's about time to get your annual flu jab but you might want to think about booking your next appointment before lunch.
Topics: health
Regions:
Tags: flu jab
Duration: 2'36"

08:57
Scientists to spend four weeks in Antarctic winter
BODY:
And a group of New Zealand scientists are undertaking winter field research with a real difference -- they will spend four weeks in the perpetual darkness of Antarctica.
Topics: science, Antarctica
Regions:
Tags: winter field research
Duration: 2'55"

=SHOW NOTES=

===9:06 AM. | Nine To Noon===
=DESCRIPTION=

Current affairs and topics of interest, including:
10:45 The Reading: Shackleton's Boat Journey by Captain Frank W. Worsley, read by Peter Elliot
An epic story of survival in Antarctic waters early in the 20th century told by the Akaroa-born master of Shackleton's ill-fated expedition ship, Endurance (8 of 10, RNZ)
(Unfortunately the audio for this Reading is not available online)

=AUDIO=

09:08
Hillsborough justice campaigner says truth has prevailed
BODY:
Relatives of the 96 fans who died in Britain's Hillsborough stadium tragedy say justice has finally been done, after an inquest concluded the victims were unlawfully killed. The fans were crushed on the terraces at the stadium in the northern city of Sheffield in 1989. Kenny Derbyshire is a Hillsborough survivor and chairman of the Hillsborough Justice Campaign.
Topics: sport, crime
Regions:
Tags:
Duration: 10'55"

09:19
How do we wean ourselves off fossil fuel ?
BODY:
New Zealand's target is to reduce greenhouse gas emissions to 30 percent below our 2005 levels by 2030. However, our gross Green House Gas emissions per capita are well above average for developed countries. While electricity generation is already at 80% renewable, the transport sector is 99% dependent on fossil fuels. So how do we do it?
Topics: climate, energy, environment, technology
Regions:
Tags: climate change, mitigation
Duration: 18'59"

09:38
The business case for medicinal cannabis
BODY:
A new study by Sydney University's Business School estimates that a medical cannabis industry in Australia could earn the country more than a hundred million dollars a year. The business school's Michael Katz says medical cannabis will not only help seriously ill people but also provide employment and wealth creation opportunities.
EXTENDED BODY:
A new study by Sydney University estimates that a medical cannabis industry in Australia could earn the country more than $100 million a year.
Australia's federal parliament recently passed laws allowing seriously ill people to access medicinal cannabis - and allowing it to be grown for medical and scientific purposes.
The New Zealand government is currently reviewing the guidelines on applications for medical cannabis in this country.
Michael Katz at the University of Sydney business school said the paper was the first of its kind to examine the financial as well as the potential medicinal benefits of a local medicinal cannabis industry for Australia.
He said the $100 million figure represented possible current demand for medical cannabis and did not factor in increased future use or export earnings.
The study drew on data from a number of existing markets including those in Israel, Canada and Netherlands. The report was produced in partnership with medical cannabis company MGC Pharmaceuticals, one of many involved in the emerging industry.
As Mr Katz said cannabis should be treated the same as any other medicine in terms of efficacy and safety.
"People get given different opiates to use as pain killers, no one's looking at the fact that someone's using the same source for heroin for example.
"It's very much a medical drug. What we want to see with medical cannabis is that it goes through the same medical processes as any drug and is treated on its merits."
The report also found that up to 51,000 square metres of greenhouse space - almost three times the size of the Sydney Cricket Ground - would be needed to produce the amount of cannabis required to meet demand.

"There's a lot more to a new industry like medical cannabis than you might immediately think. You've got the technical agriculture side of it, the medical processes such as extraction and dosage, the technology side such as scalable standardisation tools, supply chain logistics and so on," Mr Katz said.

Topics: crime, business, health
Regions:
Tags: medical cannabis
Duration: 5'30"

09:46
Australia correspondent Karen Middleton
BODY:
PNG court finds detention of asylum seekers on Manus Island illegal. Court appearance for 16 year old alleged to be planning a terrorist attack. The federal budget.
Topics: politics
Regions:
Tags: Australia
Duration: 12'32"

10:06
Pulitzer Prize-winning novelist Jane Smiley
BODY:
Jane Smiley is the author of nearly 20 novels, including the bestselling, King Lear-inspired A Thousand Acres. She talks with Kathryn Ryan ahead of her visit to New Zealand for the Auckland Writers' Festival and WORD Christchurch.
EXTENDED BODY:
Kathryn Ryan meets the woman who has been described as the ‘best living American novelist’ – Jane Smiley.
Jane Smiley lives in Carmel Valley, California with her husband and a number of animals including Fallon (aka Felon), the singing dog. She will visit New Zealand this year for the Auckland Writers' Festival and WORD Christchurch.
Jane Smiley is the author of nearly 20 novels, including the bestselling King Lear-inspired A Thousand Acres, for which she received the Pulitzer Prize for Fiction in 1992. She has also written nonfiction – a memoir, biographies, including one on Charles Dickens, an essay on knitting (Why Bother) and a celebration of fiction, 13 Ways of Looking at a Novel.
Her latest book is Golden Age, part three of her trilogy Last Hundred Years – a multi-generational family story that begins in the heart of Iowa.
Read an edited snapshot of the conversation:
I was reading that if you get stuck or the mind needs a break, you’ll go off and brush the horse’s tail. It’s part of the balance of the intellectual internal life and the external environmental life.
Well, I’ve been really obsessed with horses since before I can remember – maybe since I was three or four. When I grew up and got some money I got myself a horse. I discovered that they’re wonderful for you in many, many ways – some of which I didn’t expect. And one of them is that they’re eternally interesting. So if I am working on something and I get stuck the horses really distract me as well as giving me some exercise. And quite often when I’m in the middle of getting one ready or riding or something where I was stuck sort of opens up and I can go home and continue.
I think you’ve said ‘I read out of curiosity and I wrote because I was a reader’.
I think that’s what a lot of people do. It’s very rare that you find a novelist who didn’t start out as a reader. And my experience is that the novel… the novel is an imperfect form. The bigger it gets, the less perfect it gets, but also the grander it gets. So we are led into this desire to write something that maybe is better than War and Peace… (Laughs) ..because we can see the flaws in the novels that are reading. And that makes us curious about how they could be put together, how they could be made, what it takes.
Quite often, if you find a perfect novel, and let’s say Pride and Prejudice is a perfect novel, One of its characteristic aspects is that it’s quite small in its scope. And we love it because it’s a perfect novel, but as soon as we’re finished reading Pride and Prejudice we start casting about for something a little more daring or a little larger or a little more inquisitive. So we go read Our Mutual Friend and that leads us on to other novels. I think for a reader one novel leads to another. It’s a wonderful thing…
I found over the years that lots of times writers who start out with children’s series books, like the Bobbsey Twins or Nancy Drew or The Hardy Boys, they’re the ones who become writers. Whereas the ones who start out with great works, they are the ones who become critics.
There’s the old starting point ‘write what you know’. But for you how has that worked? And how can one evolve from writing what you know to researching and writing what others have known and have lived?
I guess I would say I don’t write what I know or I have not in the past. I write what I want to learn about. I’m motivated more by curiosity than by the desire to explore my own experience... There are many authors who are very cautious about how much research they’re going to do and how accurate they want to be. It’s inherent in writing history itself for the historian to acknowledge the things that the historian doesn’t know or can’t find out.
When people read historical fiction I think there’s two main things they want to know. And one is what did it feel like to be alive during that period, and the other one is did it feel different or very different to be alive then from the way it feels to be alive now. In other words, have humans inherently changed or stayed the same since that particular historical period? And a novelist really has to address that idea, because a novelist wants the characters to be real and compelling to the reader.
How do you look forward from where are in 2016?
As hard as I tried to figure out what might happen in the future, at the end of Golden Age real events 'trumped' me, let’s put it that way. I think a lot of things are up in the air, especially in the US, but also in other parts of the world, too. It’ll be interesting and maybe not very good to see what will happen. But I have moderate hope that we’ll be able to deal with climate change in some ways. Every day I open the newspaper I say ‘Oh dear’ as I turn the pages and I also say ‘Oh, well. That could work’.
Topics: author interview, books
Regions:
Tags:
Duration: 32'49"

10:39
Book review - The Trap by Melanie Raabe
BODY:
Reviewed by: Quentin Johnson, published by Text Publishing.
Topics: books
Regions:
Tags:
Duration: 4'53"

11:06
Marty Duda's artist of the week
BODY:
Sometimes it helps to have friends in high places. In Jesca Hoop's instance, that friend is Tom Waits. Hoop was employed as a nanny to Wait's children and when he heard her demo of Seed Of Wonder he helped bring her to the attention of various radio and record label folks. That was in 2006. Since then Jesca has carved out a career for herself. Her latest album is a collaboration with Iron & Wine's Sam Beam. The duo wrote 13 songs together and released them just this week as Love Letter For Fire.
Topics: music
Regions:
Tags:
Duration: 18'26"

11:24
The science of aquaponics
BODY:
18 year old Georgia Lala is a keen gardener but when her family moved to an Auckland apartment above an antique shop she couldn't find the space to grow plants. But after a trip to Disneyland she had an idea - to create a model ecosystem growing plants in fish tanks where the waste from the fish would feed the plants while the plants kept the water clean and supplied with oxygen. Her research into aquaponics won her the Prime Minister's Future Scientist award, and she's now set up a company, Root Aquaponics, which she's considering using to sell her specially designed aquaponics kits to homes and schools
EXTENDED BODY:
18 year old Georgia Lala is a keen gardener but when her family moved to an Auckland apartment above an antique shop she couldn't find the space to grow plants. But after a trip to Disneyland she had an idea - to create a model ecosystem growing plants in fish tanks where the waste from the fish would feed the plants while the plants kept the water clean and supplied with oxygen.
Her research into aquaponics won her the Prime Minister's Future Scientist award, and she's now set up a company, Root Aquaponics, which she's considering using to sell her specially designed aquaponics kits to homes and schools.
Read an edited snapshot of their conversation below:
What was the process then of coming to understand the science involved to get your first prototype? How long did that take you?
The idea was in the back of my head for about six or seven years and it wasn’t until the summer before my final year of high school that I knuckled down and was like, ‘Why don’t I just do this?’ No point just sitting and thinking about it. It started off with me reading about it and seeing if there was anywhere in New Zealand that I could purchase a home system I could use. There were just none available and that sparked the idea of ‘Why don’t I just make one myself?’ and so I spent the summer of my high school year nutting away at this little system and trying different prototypes over the span of my summer.
What scientifically is happening in the interplay between the plants, the fish and the water?
In your normal fish tank at home there is basically a nitrogen cycle that is happening, so when the fish either die or they produce waste, waste is broken down first it’s produced as ammonia and then nitrite and then the nitrate. Nitrate in the tank is toxic to the fish and usually if you have a normal fish tank you have to change the water every couple of weeks to remove the nitrates, but what I found is if you add in plants to the top or people have found if you add in aquatic plants to the bottom of the tank, those plants will actually take up the nitrates from the water. What that does is it removes any toxins from the fish tank, so basically you don’t have to do any water changes and the plants can grow because they are using those nitrates as nutrients, basically.
So it’s a perfect little eco system.
Yeah, it’s a reflection of what happens naturally in nature, but what you find in your fish tanks at home is you’re missing that intermediate step of removing that nitrogen waste.
The tricky bit of course is getting the balance right of plants to fish. How hard was that and what did it involve?
At one point in my home we had about four different containers or fish tanks going at once with various numbers of plants to fish trying to find a perfect ratio, one where enough waste was produced to support the plants but one where the waste removed enough. It was a process to figure out the perfect ratio, but the cool thing now is, when you’ve worked out that ratio you can basically scale up the system as big or as small as you want.
Topics: science, environment
Regions:
Tags: aquaponics, hydroponics, innovation
Duration: 15'20"

11:46
Science commentator Siouxsie Wiles
BODY:
Surgery for back pain. Analysis of the pitch of babies cries. The Venus Express probe.
Topics: science
Regions:
Tags:
Duration: 13'40"

=SHOW NOTES=

09:05 Justice for Hillsborough victims
It was Britain's worst sporting disaster. 96 Liverpool football fans, crushed and suffocated to death in an overcrowded, fenced-in enclosure at the FA Cup semi-final at the Hillsborough stadium in Sheffield in 1989. For 27 years families and friends of the victims have campaigned for accountability. After original verdicts of accidental death were overturned in 2012, and a new inquest was ordered. Overnight - the jury concluded in a 7-2 majority verdict that police failures - and not fan behavior - contributed to the dangerous situation at the game and led to the deaths. The Hillsborough Justice Campaign includes the bereaved and survivors of Disaster
who have been fighting for justice for 27 years. The chairman is Kenny Derbyshire who is also a Hillsborough survivor.

09:20 How do we wean ourselves off fossil fuel ?
New Zealand's target is to reduce greenhouse gas emissions to 30 per cent below our 2005 levels by 2030. However, our gross Green House Gas emissions per capita are well above average for developed countries. While electricity generation is already at 80% renewable, the transport sector is 99% dependent on fossil fuels. So how do we do it ?
Professor Jim Skea is co-chair of the IPCC Working Group 3 until 2022. He is in New Zealand to launch the findings of the Royal Society of NZ expert panel on Climate change mitigation options. He is also giving two public talks in Wellington at Te Papa tonight, and tomorrow at Auckland Museum.
[image:66237:full] no metadata
09:30 The business case for medicinal cannabis
A new study by Sydney University's Business School estimates that a medical cannabis industry in Australia could earn the country more than a hundred million dollars a year.
The business school's Michael Katz says medical cannabis will not only help seriously ill people but also provide employment and wealth creation opportunities.
[image:63912:full]
09:45 Australia correspondent Karen Middleton
10:05 Pulitzer prize winning novelist Jane Smiley
[image:65874:third] no metadata
Pulitzer prize winning novelist Jane Smiley has been described as the "best living American novelist" and "America's Tolstoy". She's the author of nearly 20 novels, including the best selling, King Lear inspired A Thousand Acres. Jane Smiley's latest book is Golden Age part 3 of the "Last Hundred Years" trilolgy. It's a multi-generational family story that takes place over 100 years and begins in the heart of Iowa. She's coming to Auckland next month for the Auckland Writers' Festival and WORD Christchurch
10:35 Book review - The Trap by Melanie Raabe
Reviewed by: Quentin Johnson, Published by Text Publishing
10:45 The Reading: Shackleton's Boat Journey by Captain Frank W. Worsley
Read by Peter Elliot (Part 8 of 10)
Note: The audio of the current 10.45am Reading is not available online.
11:05 Marty Duda's artist of the week
Sometimes it helps to have friends in high places. In Jesca Hoop’s instance, that friend is Tom Waits. Hoop was employed as a nanny to Wait’s children and when he heard her demo of Seed Of Wonder he helped bring her to the attention of various radio and record label folks. That was in 2006. Since then Jesca has carved out a career for herself. Her latest album is a collaboration with Iron & Wine’s Sam Beam. The duo wrote 13 songs together and released them just this week as Love Letter For Fire.
[image:65757:half] no metadata
11:20 Georgia Lala - Aquaponics
18 year old Georgia Lala is a keen gardener but when her family moved to an Auckland apartment above an antique shop she couldn't find the space to grow plants. But after a trip to Disneyland she had an idea - to create a model ecosystem growing plants in fish tanks where the waste from the fish would feed the plants while the plants kept the water clean and supplied with oxygen. Her research into aquaponics won her the Prime Minister's Future Scientist award, and she's now set up a company, Root Aquaponics, which she's considering using to sell her specially designed aquaponics kits to homes and schools
11:45 Science commentator Siouxsie Wiles

=PLAYLIST=

Artist: Ella Fitzgerald
Song: Slap That Bass
Composer: Gershwin
Album: Ella Fitzgerald sings the George and Ira Gershwin song book
Label: Verve B 0000885
Time: 09:45

===Noon | Midday Report===
=DESCRIPTION=

RNZ news, followed by updates and reports until 1.00pm, including: 12:16 Business News 12:26 Sport 12:34 Rural News 12:43 Worldwatch

=AUDIO=

12:00
Midday News for 27 April 2016
BODY:
A KiwiSaver expert says reducing the time people can stop making contributions to the scheme is a good idea.Work to make a notoriously dangerous stretch of road between Auckland and Coromandel safer starts today but it's likely to take about 12 years to complete.
Topics:
Regions:
Tags:
Duration: 15'17"

12:17
Abano receives offer for 50 percent of Bay International
BODY:
The listed healthcare investor, Abano Healthcare, says it's received an unsolicited offer for its 50 percent stake in an audiology business.
Topics: business, economy
Regions:
Tags: Abano Healthcare, Audiology
Duration: 1'37"

12:18
Annual trade deficit hits highest level in nearly seven years
BODY:
The annual trade deficit hit its highest level in nearly seven years, in March.
Topics: business, economy
Regions:
Tags: trade deficit
Duration: 1'01"

12:19
Wellington biotech firm about to list on ASX
BODY:
A Wellington-based medical software company will list on the Australian stock exchange in about half an hour, after it opted to raise money there to fund its future development.
Topics: business, economy
Regions:
Tags: Volpara Health Technologies, ASX, Australia
Duration: 1'12"

12:20
Older savers prepared to take bigger risks for better returns
BODY:
A bank survey has found older savers are prepared to take bigger risks as safer, low-interest, term-deposits fail to generate adequate returns.
Topics: business, economy
Regions:
Tags: ANZ, saving
Duration: 1'11"

12:23
Midday Markets for 27 April 2016
BODY:
For the latest from the markets we're joined by Don Lewthwaite at First NZ Capital.
Topics: business, economy
Regions:
Tags: markets
Duration: 3'15"

12:26
Midday Sports News for 27 April 2016
BODY:
Manchester City must avoid defeat at 10-time European football champions Real Madrid to reach their first Champions League final after a cagey nil-all first leg result in Manchester.
Topics: sport
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Duration: 2'32"

12:34
Midday Rural News for 27 April 2016
BODY:
News from the rural and farming sectors.
Topics: rural, farming
Regions:
Tags:
Duration: 8'47"

=SHOW NOTES=

===1:06 PM. | Jesse Mulligan, 1–4pm===
=DESCRIPTION=

An upbeat mix of the curious and the compelling, ranging from the stories of the day to the great questions of our time (RNZ)

=AUDIO=

13:12
Norfolk Islanders Present Petition At UN - Andre Nobbs
BODY:
The residents of Norfolk Island have presented a petition to the United Nations accusing Australia of trying to recolonise their island. The petition was delivered on Monday, in a last-ditch attempt to help it retain its status as an autonomous territory. This comes after Australia ended the island's limited self-government in July last year. The island is set to become a regional council under the auspices of New South Wales. Andre Nobbs is part of the managment committee and is the former Norfolk Island Chief Minister.
Topics: politics
Regions:
Tags: Norfolk Island, Australia, UN
Duration: 9'21"

13:22
Designing healthier low-cost bread
BODY:
How can we make healthier low-cost bread? A team at the University of Otago, in Wellington, has studied bread design from the perspective of reducing the risk of heart disease, while keeping ingredient costs down. Lead author Professor Nick Wilson is in the Wellington studio.
EXTENDED BODY:
"Bread is a major source of salt in the New Zealand diet. Salt, we know, increases blood pressure, which increases the risk of heart attacks and strokes. So it’s a sort of logical place to start when you’re thinking of how to design a healthier diet for New Zealanders" - Professor Nick Wilson.
A team at the University of Otago in Wellington is working on the design of an affordable low-sodium bread.
Professor Nick Wilson tells Jesse Mulligan that New Zealand bread (including more expensive and artisan bread) is high in salt compared to other countries.
In response to this interview, Robert of Devonport sent in this bread recipe:
Flour of the variety to one's liking, approx 650g per loaf, seeds and spices (carraway is a good one), some half litre of lukewarm water and a pinch of salt. There is no need to be precise about these quantities, all you aim for is a reasonably sticky coherent texture, not too liquid. All is kneaded together by hand in a big bowl, that is the hard part and takes about 5 minutes.
The sourdough starter is a bacteria culture which lives in a small jar in the fridge, with the lid sitting loosely on top to allow breathing. Half gets diluted with hand-warm water and added to the dough.
The remainder of the starter culture stays in the jar and gets a bit of water and plain flour to make up for the volume loss. It can be divided and shared with other bakers, which is your insurance policy in case your own culture was to dry out or get contaminated by mould, which can happen if you are not meticulous with keeping your hands and used kitchen implements away from it.
The loaf moulds are filled to about 2/3 height and shoved into the oven on a middle position rack. The oven should be at a good room temperature or slightly above. In some ovens the trick is to leave the internal light on (without the fan! ) to achieve and maintain those warm and moist conditions the bacteria need to do their job.
That takes typically 12 hours, but it can be even longer if it's too cold. A "Do Not Disturb" sign at the oven door avoids the risen dough collapsing in the case of it getting exposed to vibration or cold draughts. It is very sensitive that way, and the moulds should not be touched until baking is complete.
Once the dough has risen to the top of the loaf moulds, the oven can be set to 200 C. Baking takes about 1 hour, depending on moisture content.
We use silicone moulds as the loaves come out easily immediately after the baking, without having to grease them too much, if at all.
Topics: science, food, health
Regions:
Tags: bread, University of Otago
Duration: 10'53"

13:35
Sound Archives - Sarah Johnston
BODY:
1990s fashion - apparently it is having a revival moment right now - with Taylor Swift saying chokers are the new must-have for girls and grungy flannel shirts are back in for the guys. So what do our sound archives have to say on the subject? Sarah Johnston from Nga Taonga Sound & Vision has gone back to the source to see how fashion was covered on the radio in the 1990s.
Topics: arts, history
Regions:
Tags: fashion, 1990's
Duration: 10'10"

13:44
Favourite Album
BODY:
Marlon Williams - Marlon Williams
Topics: music
Regions:
Tags:
Duration: 14'25"

14:07
Autonomous Car - Alain Brideson
BODY:
A New Zealand designer is enjoying the attention of Barack Obama and Angela Merkel, who have been admiring a self-driving concept car he worked on.
Topics: technology, transport
Regions:
Tags: car, Autonomous Car
Duration: 13'11"

14:21
Bookmarks: Nicky Pellegrino
BODY:
Bestselling international author Nicky Pellegrino tells us about a few of her favourite things on Bookmarks today.
Topics: life and society, arts
Regions:
Tags:
Duration: 38'28"

15:10
Geoffonomics - Geoff Simmons
BODY:
Our friendly economist, Geoff Simmons, debates the value of a land tax.
Topics: economy, politics
Regions:
Tags: land tax
Duration: 9'21"

15:20
History - Grant Morris
BODY:
Legal historian Grant Moffett looks at New Zealand's patterns of home ownership over the years.
Topics: history
Regions:
Tags: Home Ownership
Duration: 8'44"

15:28
Manus Island - Alex Perrotet
BODY:
The Australian government says detainees on Manus Island will not be brought to Australia despite a landmark court ruling against their detention by Papua New Guinea's highest court. PNG's Supreme Court has ruled the detention of hundreds of asylum seekers on Manus breached their constitutional right to personal liberty.
Topics: law, politics, refugees and migrants, Pacific
Regions:
Tags: Manus Island, Papua New Guinea, Australia
Duration: 11'03"

15:50
The Panel pre-show for 27 April 2016
BODY:
Your feedback, and a preview of the guests and topics on The Panel.
Topics:
Regions:
Tags:
Duration: 10'13"

21:38
Thar she goes! On the tail of the Kermadec humpback whales
BODY:
Satellite tagging has revealed that humpback whales that breed in Oceania socialise at Raoul Island in the Kermadecs and has shown where in Antarctica they go to feed.
EXTENDED BODY:
“We knew Raoul Island was a humpback whale meeting place, but I didn’t appreciate how many different places they would be coming from.”
Rochelle Constantine, University of Auckland
Rochelle Constantine, from the University of Auckland, and her colleagues have been on the tail of Oceania’s threatened humpback whales for many years.
They have wondered why their numbers are growing so slowly compared to the humpbacks of east Australia, and whether it was to do with their undiscovered Antarctic feeding grounds.
Rochelle has heard reports of humpback whales visiting Raoul Island, in the Kermadecs, in spring. They were heading south from their tropical breeding grounds, to their summer feeding grounds, and they were there in numbers - Department of Conservation workers on the island counted more than 150 whales in a single 4-hour period.
She also wondered if they were travelling from the Oceania breeding grounds around New Caledonia, Niue, Tonga and the Cook Islands.
In 2010, Rochelle was part of an expedition to the Ross Sea area of Antarctica, where she hoped to find the Oceania whales. But electronic tagging, photo-identification and genetic matching of humpbacks from the Ross Sea and the Balleny Islands showed that these were east Australian whales.
Since whaling finished the humpback whales of eastern Australia have bounced back strongly, and now number more than 25,000.
In October 2015, the Great Humpback Whale Expedition headed to Raoul Island to tag and survey the humpback whales, and the team of seven researchers successfully tagged 24 of them with tiny satellite tags.
They also took photos of the underside of the whale’s tails, which allow them to be individually identified, and the Raoul Island humpback whale catalogue now includes 133 whales.
While they were at Raoul Island they recognised one whale from Niue, and that one of them was first seen at New Caledonia in 1999 as a calf. Now an adult, the whale was being accompanied by her own newborn calf.
The team also collected 78 tissue biopsies from the tagged whales that allowed them to genetically match four of the Raoul Island whales to the Oceania humpback whale population. The tissue can also be used in stable isotope analysis to identify what the whales are eating.
Rochelle says that they started using a new technique called isoscale analysis, which allows them to identify which area of the ocean a whale is feeding in.
“When a whale eats an animal like krill, the chemistry of the ocean that’s in the krill is now in the whale, and we’re able to assign where that whale is feeding, using the ocean chemistry.”
The satellite tags showed that the humpback whales from Raoul Island moved in a south-east direction towards Antarctica. They spread out across a 3000km area of Antarctica, from the Ross Sea, Amundsen Sea and Bellinghausen Sea, almost as far west as the Antarctic Peninsula.
“From Oceania to Raoul Island is about 1600 kilometres,” says Rochelle. “Our longest whale journey from Raoul Island to Antarctica was 7000 kilometres, and it took [the whale] nine weeks to swim that far. So it’s about 8500 kilometres one-way.”
Rochelle thinks that the long journey undertaken by the Oceania whales may be part of the reason that the population is recovering slowly.
The research also confirmed that Raoul Island is an important meeting and socialising place for whales, and one of the striking observations was that there was a wide range of whale songs being sung.
Whale songs are culturally transmitted, and the songs move across the Pacific from west to east over several years. Rochelle and the team wonder if Raoul Island plays a special role in the transmission of songs.
“Maybe Raoul Island is one of those places where this cultural handover of song information takes place.”
In October 2015, the New Zealand Government announced it would create a 620,000 hectare ocean sanctuary at the Kermadecs. The Kermadec Ocean Sanctuary Bill is currently before Parliament.
Topics: science, environment
Regions:
Tags: humpback whales, cetaceans, Kermadec Islands, Raoul Island, Oceania, whaling, Antarctica
Duration: 14'46"

=SHOW NOTES=

1:15 Norfolk Islanders Present Petition At UN - Andre Nobbs
The residents of Norfolk Island have presented a petition to the United Nations accusing Australia of trying to re-colonise their island. The petition was delivered on Monday, in a last-ditch attempt to help it retain its status as an autonomous territory. This comes after Australia ended the island's limited self-government in July last year. The island is set to become a regional council under the auspices of New South Wales. Andre Nobbs is part of the management committee and is the former Norfolk Island Chief Minister.
1:25 Healthy Low Cost Bread - Professor Nick Wilson
How can we make healthier low-cost bread? A team at the University of Otago, in Wellington, has studied bread design from the perspective of reducing the risk of heart disease, while keeping ingredient costs down. Lead author Professor Nick Wilson and he's in the Wellington studio.
1:35 Sound Archives - Sarah Johnston
1990s fashion - apparently it is having a revival moment right now - with Taylor Swift saying chokers are the new must-have for girls and grungy flannel shirts are back in for the guys. So what do our sound archives have to say on the subject? Sarah Johnston from Ngā Taonga Sound & Vision has gone back to the source to see how fashion was covered on the radio in the 1990s.
1:40 Favourite Album
Marlon Williams - Marlon Williams.
2:10 Autonomous Car - Alain Brideson
A New Zealand designer is enjoying the attention of Barack Obama and Angela Merkel, who have been admiring a self-driving concept car he worked on.
2:20 Bookmarks - Nicky Pellegrino
Bestselling international author Nicky Pellegrino tells us about a few of her favourite things on Bookmarks today.
3:10 Geoffonomics with Geoff Simmons
Our friendly economist, Geoff Simmons, debates the value of a land tax.
3:20 Manus Island - Alex Perrottet
The Australian government says detainees on Manus Island will not be brought to Australia despite a landmark court ruling against their detention by Papua New Guinea's highest court. PNG's Supreme Court has ruled the detention of hundreds of asylum seekers on Manus breached their constitutional right to personal liberty.
3:25 History with Grant Morris
Legal historian Grant Morris looks at New Zealand's patterns of home ownership over the years.
3:35 Our Changing World
Rochelle Constantine from the University of Auckland tells Alison Ballance how electronic tagging at Raoul Island has revealed that humpback whales on their way south from their breeding grounds in Oceania head south-east to feeding grounds in the Amundsen and Bellinghausen Seas in Antarctica.
3:45 The Panel Pre-Show
What the world is talking about, with Jesse Mulligan and Zara Potts.

=PLAYLIST=

JESSE'S SONG:

ARTIST: Neko Case, KD Lang, Laura Viers
TITLE: Honey and Smoke
COMP: Neko Case, KD Lang, Laura Viers
ALBUM: Case/Lang/Viers
LABEL: Download

FEATURE ALBUM:

ARTIST: Marlon Williams
TITLE: Hello Miss Lonesome
COMP: Marlon Williams
ALBUM Marlon Williams
LABEL Dead Oceans

ARTIST: Marlon Williams
TITLE: Dark Child
COMP: Marlon Williams
ALBUM Marlon Williams
LABEL Dead Oceans

ARTIST: Marlon Williams
TITLE: Lonely Side of Her
COMP: Marlon Williams
ALBUM Marlon Williams
LABEL Dead Oceans

BOOKMARKS: NIcky Pellegrino:

ARTIST: Mario Lanza (Feat: Luisa Di Meo)
TITLE: Arrivederci Roma
COMP: Renato Rascel, Pietro Garinei, Sandro Giovannini
ALBUM: Seven Hills of Rome - Motion Picture Soundtrack
LABEL: MGM

ARTIST: Gerry and the Pacemakers
TITLE: You'll Never Walk Alone
COMP: Richard Rodgers, Oscar Hammerstein II
ALBUM: Don't Let The Sun Catch You Crying
LABEL: Columbia

ARTIST: Bic Runga
TITLE: Beautiful Collision
COMP: Bic Runga
ALBUM: Beautiful Collision
LABEL: Columbia

THE PANEL: HALFTIME SONG

ARTIST: Warren Zevon
TITLE: Keep Me In Your Heart
COMP: Jorge Calderón, Warren Zevon
ALBUM: The Wind
LABEL: Artemis

===4:06 PM. | The Panel===
=DESCRIPTION=

An hour of discussion featuring a range of panellists from right along the opinion spectrum (RNZ)

=AUDIO=

15:50
The Panel pre-show for 27 April 2016
BODY:
Your feedback, and a preview of the guests and topics on The Panel.
Topics:
Regions:
Tags:
Duration: 10'13"

16:05
The Panel with Matt Nippert and Penny Ashton (Part 1)
BODY:
What the Panelists Penny Ashton and Matt Nippert have been up to. Susan Baldacci is in the US to talk us through the latest results in the US primaries and the ongoing Trump side show. An online video of a four day old getting an "adjustment" from a chiropractor's courting controversy. A Wellington economist is convinced that Worksafe New Zealand is misleading with its numbers in its latest campaign.
Topics:
Regions:
Tags:
Duration: 23'44"

16:06
The Panel with Matt Nippert and Penny Ashton (Part 2)
BODY:
The Prince estate story took a new twist today - a $300 Million fortune and no will. What the Panelists have been thinking about. Sports writer Mark Reason joins the discussion on our medal prospects in Rio and gives his take on the latest report the 89 Hillsborough Stadium stampede. Auckland mayoral candidate is looking to keep rates increases at 2% under her watch. .Dogs don't like being hugged according to an animal psychologuist.
Topics:
Regions:
Tags:
Duration: 27'03"

16:07
The Panel Intro
BODY:
What the Panelists Penny Ashton and Matt Nippert have been up to.
Topics:
Regions:
Tags:
Duration: 6'27"

16:13
US primaries results coming through today
BODY:
Susan Baldacci is in the US to talk us through the latest results in the US primaries and the ongoing Trump side show.
Topics: politics
Regions:
Tags: US primaries, elections, America
Duration: 8'09"

16:22
A Melbourne chiropractor's getting grilled for treating a baby
BODY:
An online video of a four day old getting an "adjustment" from a chiropractor's courting controversy.
Topics: internet, health
Regions:
Tags: Australia, Chiropractor, Baby
Duration: 4'18"

16:27
Wellington man disputing how many people are injured at work
BODY:
A Wellington economist is convinced that Worksafe New Zealand is misleading with its numbers in its latest campaign.
Topics: health, economy
Regions:
Tags: WorkSafe, injury, work
Duration: 3'33"

16:33
Prince left no will
BODY:
The Prince estate story took a new twist today - a $300 Million fortune and no will.
Topics: life and society
Regions:
Tags: Will, death, Estate
Duration: 3'46"

16:38
Panel Says
BODY:
What the Panelists have been thinking about.
Topics:
Regions:
Tags:
Duration: 9'06"

16:47
The countdown is on for the Rio Olympics
BODY:
Sports writer Mark Reason joins the discussion on our medal prospects in Rio and gives his take on the latest report the 89 Hillsborough Stadium stampede.
Topics: sport
Regions:
Tags: Olympics, medals, Rio, Hillsborough
Duration: 7'58"

16:55
Vic Crone says she's going to cap rates increases if elected
BODY:
Auckland mayoral candidate is looking to keep rates increases at 2% under her watch.
Topics: politics, economy
Regions: Auckland Region
Tags: rates, Vic Crone, Auckland Mayor
Duration: 2'47"

16:58
A report from a Canadian psychologist says dogs don't do hugs
BODY:
Dogs don't like being hugged according to an animal psychologuist.
Topics: life and society
Regions:
Tags: dogs, Hugs
Duration: 1'39"

=SHOW NOTES=

===5:00 PM. | Checkpoint===
=DESCRIPTION=

RNZ's weekday drive-time news and current affairs programme

=AUDIO=

17:00
Checkpoint with John Campbell, Wednesday 27th April 2016
BODY:
Watch Wednesday's full programme here. It begins 5 minutes in.
Topics:
Regions:
Tags:
Duration: 00"

17:08
Call for inquiry into New Zealand's 'tax haven' status
BODY:
Following the release of the Panama papers, a new poll indicates more than half of New Zealanders are worried about New Zealand being a tax haven, and think a full public and independent inquiry is needed.
Topics: politics
Regions:
Tags: tax, trusts, tax haven
Duration: 3'16"

17:11
Are foreign buyers the real threat to NZ's housing?
BODY:
A visit to Barfoot and Thompson's Wednesday auction showed no first home buyers bidding on properties - but no foreign investors, either. John Campbell reports.
Topics: housing, economy
Regions: Auckland Region
Tags: house prices
Duration: 8'24"

17:20
Trump, Clinton closer to nomination victory after more wins
BODY:
Donald Trump and Hillary Clinton continue to gain traction in the race for nomination after today's five north-eastern primaries.
Topics: politics
Regions:
Tags: America, US primaries, election
Duration: 5'37"

17:26
Government to invest in State Highway 2 upgrades
BODY:
The Government's investing hundreds of millions of dollars into upgrading one of the country's most dangerous stretches of road, but it is forecast to take 12 years to complete.
Topics: transport
Regions:
Tags: State Highway 2
Duration: 3'20"

17:29
Call for regulations on unhealthy food near schools
BODY:
Pressure is growing for tougher rules on neighbourhood dairies and fast food outlets following a study which showed most schools are less than a kilometre from unhealthy food shops.
Topics: health, food, education
Regions:
Tags: Fast food, junk food, obesity
Duration: 3'56"

17:36
Evening Business for 27 April 2016
BODY:
News from the business sector including a market report.
Topics: business, economy
Regions:
Tags:
Duration: 2'40"

17:38
$900m Ruataniwha dam gets go-ahead
BODY:
The 900 million dollar Ruataniwha water storage scheme in Hawke's Bay now has enough farmer buy-in to proceed.
Topics: farming, rural
Regions: Hawkes Bay
Tags: Ruataniwha, dam
Duration: 2'52"

17:41
KiwiSaver changes out for consultation
BODY:
Potential changes to Kiwisaver could allow people to automaticlly increase their contributions every year, or even belong to more than one scheme.
Topics: economy, politics
Regions:
Tags: KiwiSaver, money, saving
Duration: 2'26"

17:44
Tourism numbers plummet in Vanuatu
BODY:
A Vanuatu tourism operator says businesses are going to the wall and he's been forced to take a bank loan to pay his remaining staff as tourism numbers dwindle.
Topics: economy, Pacific
Regions:
Tags: Vanuatu, tourism, Air New Zealand
Duration: 5'37"

17:48
Who owns our water?
BODY:
Despite recommendations being made by the Waitangi Tribunal, New Zealand is no closer to understanding who the country's water belongs to. Mihingarangi Forbes reports
Topics: politics, environment, te ao Maori
Regions:
Tags: water, Ownership
Duration: 4'08"

17:54
Roadworks threatens businesses in Christchurch
BODY:
A maze of roadworks in parts of Christchurch is threatening the future of some businesses which have been made almost inaccessible.
Topics: transport, business
Regions:
Tags: Christchurch, roadworks, Local Business
Duration: 4'09"

18:09
Call for Kiwirail to access transport funding
BODY:
A strong political argument is being mounted that Kiwirail, along with roading, should have access to the billions of dollars in the national transport fund.
Topics: transport, politics
Regions:
Tags: National transport fund, Kiwirail
Duration: 3'43"

18:13
Clean sweep for Trump in today's primaries
BODY:
The American presidential hopeful, Donald Trump, has eased to victory in all five of the north-eastern Republican primaries that were up for grabs this afternoon.
Topics: politics
Regions:
Tags: America, Primaries, election
Duration: 2'49"

18:16
Jury hears from Pakeeza Yusuf's mother
BODY:
A court has heard how an Auckland man accused of killing his former partner and her daughter swung a machete within inches of her ex-husband's head.
Topics: crime
Regions: Auckland Region
Tags: trial, murder
Duration: 3'33"

18:20
Canterbury winter-fishing ban put in place
BODY:
In a country first, a ban on winter-fishing in parts of Canterbury due to degrading water quality comes into force this week.
Topics: law, environment
Regions: Canterbury
Tags: fishing, water, Waimakariri River, Fish and Game
Duration: 3'46"

18:23
PNG finds detention of Manus asylum seeks illegal
BODY:
The Papua New Guinea government has found that the detention of asylum seekers on the island of Manus is illegal.
Topics: law, refugees and migrants, Pacific
Regions:
Tags: Manus, Papua New Guinea, Australia, Detention Camp
Duration: 2'28"

18:27
Fans welcome home Hayden Paddon
BODY:
New Zealand rally driver, Hayden Paddon, was welcomed home by droves of fans in Auckland this morning, after winning the Argentine leg of the World Rally Championships on Monday.
Topics: sport
Regions:
Tags: rally driving
Duration: 2'41"

=SHOW NOTES=

===6:30 PM. | Worldwatch===
=DESCRIPTION=

The stories behind the international headlines

===7:06 PM. | Nights===
=DESCRIPTION=

RNZ's weeknight programme of entertainment and information

=AUDIO=

19:12
Earth Wobble
BODY:
Surendra Adhikari on his research into the causes of the shift in the earth's axis.
Topics: environment, science, education
Regions:
Tags: Earth, Earth's axis
Duration: 14'02"

20:10
Nights' Overseas Reports - India
BODY:
Bangalore based author and journalist Shoba Narayan from the second-most populated nation of the world, India, pop. 1,236,344,631 (est. 2014)...
Topics: life and society
Regions:
Tags: Bangalore, India
Duration: 16'35"

=SHOW NOTES=

[image:66276:half] no metadata
7:12 Earth Wobble
Surendra Adhikari from NASA's Jet Propulsion Lab on his recent research which suggests climate change related ice melt is causing the earth's axis to shift.
7:30 Spectrum
Singing for Natasha - David Steemson finds out more about a Takatāpui singing group, Ahakoa te Aha

8:12 Nights' Overseas Reports - India
Bangalore based author and journalist Shoba Narayan.

8:30 Window on the World
Where (3 of 3) - In the chaotic city of Kolkata in India, Catherine Carr hears from the feminist Shakespeare enthusiast to the man dying of AIDS and the woman still a little bit in love with her colleague; from the father and son begging by the roadside to the teenager dreaming of Olympic success. The brief portraits have been woven together with the sounds of the city, to create an unpredictable and poetic experience of Kolkata.
9:07 The Drama Hour
Be Longing - by Talking House Verbatim Theatre. Presenting stories of immigration, discovery, settling - and unsettling - in Aotearoa/New Zealand, providing a glimpse of how Kiwi culture is seen through the eyes of others.
10:17 Late Edition
A round up of today's RNZ News and feature interviews as well as Date Line Pacific from RNZ International
11:07 At the Eleventh Hour
Dave Brubeck -This week on The New Jazz Archive, the life and music of jazz pianist and composer Dave Brubeck who is considered to be one of the foremost exponents of cool jazz. We look at his roots growing up on a California ranch, his smash hit 1959 recording "Time Out and how he defied the odds and became a jazz celebrity in the early rock and roll era, and then turned to sacred music in the last decades of his life.

===7:35 PM. | Spectrum===
=DESCRIPTION=

Any week on a Tuesday night at an Auckland marae you'll hear members of the Takatāpui community singing for their dead transgender sister Natasha. Ahakoa Te Aha is a community kapa haka group formed two years ago in the Takanini garage of Jade Kanara Mills, spurred on by the death of her Takatāpui sister. People who join the group are either part of the queer community or they're supporters of it.

===8:30 PM. | Windows On The World===
=DESCRIPTION=

International public radio features and documentaries

===9:06 PM. | None (National)===
=DESCRIPTION=

The experience of belonging - or not belonging - to a place, a country, a culture. Be-Longing tells the many stories of those who have migrated to Aotearoa, who have lived overseas for a long period and returned, as well as those from the tangata whenua. (RNZ)

===10:00 PM. | Late Edition===
=DESCRIPTION=

RNZ news, including Dateline Pacific and the day's best interviews from RNZ National

===11:06 PM. | None (National)===
=DESCRIPTION=

Exploring jazz's place in the story of America. Each episode is a collection of stories, interviews, and music that relates the past, present and future of jazz