The story of Tupaia the Tahitian high priest and navigator who boarded the Endeavour.
This episode focuses on the initial contact between Māori of Ngāti Oneone and Rongowhakaata and Tupaia, Captain James Cook and the crew of the HMS Endeavour. It also examines the last months of Tupaia’s life and his legacy for people of the Pacific.
He hōtaka reo Māori, reo Pākehā hoki tēnei e whai ai i ngā kōrero tuku iho mō te tīpuna rongonui nō Tahiti, a Tupaia.
I tēnei wāhanga ko ngā kōrero matua ko te tūtakitanga tuatahi o Ngāti Oneone, Rongowhakaata ki a Tupaia, Kāpene Kuki, me ngā kaimahi o te waka Endeavour. Ka oti ki ngā rā whakamutunga o Tupaia.
For the people of Te Aitanga ā Hauiti, Tupaia was more significant than Cook and his name was passed down through the generations. At Ōpoutama, the caves are referred to as Tupaia’s cave, but now the paintings thought to be his are fading, deteriorating and disappearing. Examination of the paintings indicates they are of the appropriate age to have been made during Tupaia and Cook’s visit.
Ki tā Te Aitanga ā Hauiti, ko Tupaia i tua atu i a Kāpene Kuki hei tāngata rongonui. Kua tāpiri e rātou i tōna ingoa ki ngā tomo o te rohe, ārā, ko Te Ana o Tupaia.
When Cook departed he was carrying carvings, botanical samples, plants and seeds and some knowledge of Māori and Aotearoa. Now Te Aitanga a Hauiti are reconnecting with those things which were taken while acknowledging their shared nature.
Haria atu a Kuki i ngā taonga o Aotearoa i a ia e hoki ki te kaingā. Kei te hono anō a Hauiti ki a rātou.
When Cook returned to Britain he gifted a collection of South Seas artefacts to the Earl of Sandwich which are now held by Trinity College, Cambridge. This collection is now held by the Cambridge University Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology.
Nō muri i takohatia atu Kuki i ngā taonga ki te rangatira nō Hanawiti. Inananei, kei te Kāreti o Trinity, kei Kemureti ngā taonga e takoto ana.
The paintings made by Tupaia, and other taonga, were given to King George the 3rd by Cook and Banks upon returning to England. These include heitiki which were probably presented to Tupaia, and which carry the mana of those who carried them before.
Ko ngā whakaahua o Tupaia i takohatia e Kuki rāua ko Banks ki a Kīngi Hōri te toru. I tākohatia hoki tētahi heitiki. Tērā pea he heitiki tēnei e tukuna tētahi ki a Tupaia, i kawea mai i tōna mana.
After the visit by Tupaia and Cook, the name Tupaia begins to be used by Māori, including Ūawa children born following his stay. Subsequently, Māori asked European explorers where Tupaia was and what had become of him.
A muri i te taenga mai o Tupaia, ka kitea e tātou i te ingoa Tupaia i tāpiri ki ētahi tamariki Māori. I a te Pākehā i tae mai anō, whakapā atu o tātou tipuna, kei hea a Tupaia?
When Cook travelled to Australia, it is thought that Tupaia may have been side-lined as his usefulness has come to an end. He could not talk with the Aboriginal people and did not know their culture. A lack of fresh food and, perhaps, a spiritual malaise led to a decline in Tupaia’s health.
I te haerenga o Kāpene Kuki ki Ahitereiria, kāore Tupaia e mōhio ki te reo o ngā tāngata whenua. He mea patu mana kei waenganui i te Pākehā. Mā te kore kai, mā te mākutu pea i heke ai te oranga o Tupaia i konei.
The Endeavour sailed north along the east coast of Australia and made landfall at the Endeavour river to undertake repairs to the ship. Here Tupaia went ashore and healed himself by eating raw fish and taro. He also engaged with the local tribes by sitting quietly and waiting for them to join him.
I whakatau te Endeavour ki te rāwhiti o Ahitereiria. Ki reira Tupaia ka eke ki te tai, kai ai i ngā hua o tērā whenua. Katahi ia ka whakaora, ā, i huihui ki ngā tangata whenua.
As the Endeavour sailed south of Papua New Guinea and Timor, Tupaia once again fell ill, probably with scurvy, and refused the medicines offered by Cook and had no access to his own traditional cures.
Rere iho ana te waka i a Papua Nūkini, kātahi a Tupaia ka māuiui anō. Kāore a Tupaia mō ngā rongoā o te Pākehā.
The Endeavour eventually made its way to Batavia, where Tupaia was able to regain his health. Tupaia was said to revel in his time in Batavia where many cultures mingled and he was able to experience the many things he heard about from Cook, Banks and others. Batavia however was a city of many diseases and his young apprentice Taiata soon feel ill and died leaving Tupaia inconsolable, Tupaia died 2 days later.
He oranga anō Tupaia i kimihia i a rātou i whakatau ki Batavia. Ngākau nui ana a Tupaia ki tērā whenua me ngā ahurea katoa i kitea. Engari anō ka taka a Taiata, te teina o Tupaia, hei ori nā te maha o ngā mate rere kei reira. Rua rā a muri i te hinganga o Taiata, Tupaia i mate ai.
Now a tradition of waka voyaging is being rediscovered and reuniting pacific cultures which had resolved to individual nations under colonial rule. The navigational traditions of Tupaia and others are being recognised as both masterful and instrumental in the European voyages in the Pacific Ocean.
Ko ngā tohunga whakatere waka kei te whakaora anō i te whanaungatanga ki rō te Moana Nui a Kiwa, nā ngā ture o te ao Pākehā i tapahia. Mōhio ana tātou ināianei, ko te mōhio o Tupaia mā, i whakapai i ngā haerenga o te Pākehā ki runga i te Moana Nui a Kiwa.
Jody Wyllie, Rongowhakaata. Michel Tuffery, Samoan, Tahitian. Victor Walker, Te Aitanga ā Hauiti. Reverend Stephen Donald, Educator, Ūawa. Te Aotaihi Kūtia-Ngata, Te Aitanga ā Hauiti. Pāora Tapsell, Anthropologist, Museum Ethnographer, Te Arawa, Ngāti Raukawa. Hinemaia Takurua, Te Aitanga ā Hauiti. Maui Te Kōtuku Tangohau, Te Aitanga ā Hauiti. Nick Tūpara, Ngāti Oneone, Rongowhakaata, Te Aitanga ā Hauiti, Rock Art Heritage Adviser. Wayne Ngata, Te Aitanga ā Hauiti. Kirk Torrance, Ngāti Kahungunu, Actor. Professor Dame Anne Salmond, Anthropologist & Pacific Historian. Amiria Salmond, Social Anthropologist. Renata Tāne, Ngāti Rāhiri, Ngāti Kawa. Paratene Tane, Ngāti Rāhiri, Ngāti Kawa. Merata Kawharu, Ngāti Whātua Ngāpuhi, Anthropologist. Norma Sturley, Ngāti Whakaue, Ngāti Pikiao , Ngāti Mahanga. Anne Iranui McGuire, Te Aitanga ā Hauiti. Te Aturangi Nēpia-Clamp, Ngāti Porou, Rongowhakaata, Kahungunu, Waka Voyager / Master Carver. Rua Paul, Ngāti Hine, Ngāti Wai, Waka Voyager / Master Carver. Frank Kawe, Captain of Te Matau a Māui. Raihania Tīpoki, Ngāti Kahungunu, Waka Voyager. Tawhana Chadwick, Ngāti Kahungunu, Waka Voyager. Patrick Mohi, Te Arawa, Ngāti Rangiwewehi, Ngāti Tarawhai, Waka Voyager. Hoturoa Kerr, Ngāti Mahuta, Ngāti Hikairo, Ngāti Pukenga, Waka Voyager.